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Voltaire: Treatise on Tolerance (Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy), by Voltaire
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The works presented in this volume, in a new English translation, are among the most important and characteristic texts of the Enlightenment, and bring together all three aspects of Voltaire: the writer, the doer and the philosophe. Originating in Voltaire's campaign to exonerate Jean Calas, they are works of polemical brilliance, informed by his deism and humanism and by Enlightenment values and ideals more generally. The issues that they raise, concerning questions of tolerance and human dignity, are still highly relevant to our own times.
- Sales Rank: #438273 in Books
- Brand: Brand: Cambridge University Press
- Published on: 2000-11-20
- Original language: French
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.98" h x .43" w x 5.98" l, .63 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 192 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
Language Notes
Text: English (translation)
Original Language: French
About the Author
Voltaire (Francois-Marie Arouet) (1694--1778) was one of the key thinkers of the European Enlightenment. Of his many works, "Candide" remains the most popular.
Peter Constantine was awarded the 1998 PEN Translation Award for "Six Early Stories "by Thomas Mann and the 1999 National Translation Award for "The Undiscovered Chekhov: Forty-three New Stories." Widely acclaimed for his recent translation of the complete works of Isaac Babel, he also translated Gogol's "Taras Bulba" and Tolstoy's "The Cossacks "for the Modern Library. His translations of fiction and poetry have appeared in many publications, including "The New Yorker, Harper's," and "Paris Review. "He lives in New York City.
Simon Harvey is associate professor at the Academy of Fine Arts at the University of Trondheim in Norway.
Karl Ameriks is McMahon Hank Professor of Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame. A recipient of fellowships from the Humboldt Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the American Council of Learned Societies, and the Earheart Foundation, he is the author of several books, including Kant's Theory of Mind and Kant and the Fate of Autonomy, and editor of The Cambridge Companion to German Idealism. He is also co-editor of the series Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy.
Desmond Clarke is Professor of Philosophy at University College Cork. He received a DLitt from the National University of Ireland, was Jean Monnet Fellow at the European University Institute in Florence, and has been elected to the Royal Irish Academy. He is the author of a number of books on Descartes and the seventeenth century, most recently Descartes' Theory of Mind (2005).
Harvey B. Simon, M.D., is an associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, a member of the Health Sciences Faculty at MIT, and the founding editor of "Harvard Men's Health Watch". He is a graduate of Yale College and Harvard Medical School. Since completing his postgraduate training at Massachusetts General Hospital and the National Institutes of Health, Dr. Simon has maintained an active clinical practice at Massachusetts General Hospital. He is the award-winning author of five previous books on health and fitness and received the London Prize for Excellence in Teaching from Harvard and MIT.
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13 of 13 people found the following review helpful.
Great Writings on Freedom of religion and against tyranny
By G. F Gori
Voltaire's Treatiste on Tolerance is a brilliant account of the judicial murder of French Protestant Jean Calas who was accused of murdering his son who had converted to Roman Catholism. Voltaire details the case : the lack of counsel, the breaking on the wheel, burning at the stake and strangulation. Calas suffered this and continued to maintain his innocence. Through Voltaire's effort Calas was rehibilitated in 1766 and his innocence vindicated. Interspersed in the text are Voltaire's historical observations of the tolerance of the Roman Empire, the Thirty Years War, the massacre of St. Bartholmew's day were thousands perished due to religious fanaticism.
Also chronicled is the case of a young nobleman accused of not taking his hat off as a religious procession passed. He was further accused of mutilating a cruxifix that was placed on a bridge. This young man, and his friend were convicted of blasphamy and heresy and sentenced to be broken on the wheel, have his tongue torn out with pincers, and then burned at the stake. The account Voltaire provides is both enlightening and frightful. If you are interested in freedom of religion, tolerance, and freethought this is a must buy!
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Superb and very relevant today
By Robert C Ross
"Tolerance has never provoked a civil war; intolerance has covered the Earth in carnage."
The recent attacks in Paris have renewed great interest in France over this superb analysis of religious tolerance. Attached is a recent article describing the phenomena. There is similar deep interest in New York City; I signed up for this discussion later this month:
"The massacre at Charlie Hebdo brought urgent questions about censorship, satire, offense and artistic responsibility to the forefront. Join us for an exclusive panel discussion with Art Spiegelman, best known for his graphic novel Maus, cartoonist and journalist Molly Crabapple, editor and New Yorker Art Director Françoise Mouly, and Emmanuel "Manu" Letouzé, socio-political cartoonist. Moderated by Leonard Lopate, WNYC radio host. Hosted by PEN American Center, the National Coalition Against Censorship, and the French Institute Alliance Française (FIAF)."
In preparation for this event, I downloaded the Kindle version of On Toleration: In Connection With The Death of Jean Calas; hard copy editions are excellent, of course, but pricey, and the content is what is most important to me. [This is an excellent hard copy with a fascinating forward by Simon Harvey, which was available at the Society Library in NYC: Voltaire: Treatise on Tolerance (Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy).]
I have read this book twice before, once in my teens when I was struggling with various religious issues, and a few years later at the University of Wisconsin in a course, which was part of the Integrated Liberal Studies program. Both times the book resonated strongly with me.
Voltaire describes the trial of Jean Calas, a Protestant accused of murdering his son to prevent his conversion to Catholicism; Calas was executed on 10 March 1762. Voltaire's details of the unjust trial appealed to the stirrings of my legal impulses: lack of counsel, breaking on the wheel, burning at the stake and strangulation. Calas suffered all this and continued to maintain his innocence.
Calas was rehabilitated in 1766 and his innocence was vindicated. That history, especially Voltaire's part in in, inspired many of my own interests over the years: civil rights, rights for women, opposition to wars, and more.
Voltaire also describes the tolerance of the Roman Empire, the Thirty Years War, the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre, and other historical incidents of both tolerance and fanaticism.
Voltaire also discusses the case of a young nobleman accused of not taking his hat off as a religious procession passed and accused of mutilating a cruxifix that was placed on a bridge. The nobleman and a friend were convicted of blasphemy and heresy and sentenced to be broken on the wheel, have their tongues torn out with pincers, and then burned at the stake.
My main take away remains the same today as when I first read the essay: Voltaire supports toleration of religious belief, but reserves the right to argue strenuously against it, and denounces religious fanaticism of all stripes.
If you have any interest in religious tolerance, this is a brilliant study well worth the time and effort you put into it. That was true for me when I was 16, again when I was 22, and now 50 years later when I re-visited this brilliant essay for the third time.
Robert C. Ross
February 2015
***
From the Parallels website:
Like most bookshops around Paris, Emile, which caters to young readers, sold all its copies of Voltaire's Treatise on Tolerance on Jan. 8, the day after two gunmen stormed into satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo killing eight journalists. In the wake of the Paris terrorist attacks that took the lives of 20 people, Voltaire's manifesto in favor of religious tolerance -- written in 1763 -- is flying off the shelves.
Emile employee Laurianne Ledus says she was surprised that an 18th-century manuscript could become a bestseller today. "It's really, really weird," says Ledus. "But I think it is an important book, even 200 hundred years later."
Francois-Marie Arouet, better known as Voltaire (1694-1778). The author and philosopher wrote 'Treatise on Tolerance,' on religious freedom, in 1763. It has gained a renewed readership after Islamist extremists carried out deadly attacks last month in Paris.
Ledus says no one really understands why the attacks happened, and everyone is looking for answers.
"Children need to understand life and events and I think parents need this book in order to explain," Ledus says.
Enlightenment essayist, philosopher and historian Francois-Marie Arouet, better known by his nom de plume, Voltaire, was born in Paris in 1694. He is famous for his wit, advocacy for freedom of speech, and stinging attacks on the Catholic Church.
In Voltaire's day, Protestants were persecuted and killed in France. In his book Voltaire defended the Protestants and excoriated the Catholic Church over its intolerance.
As Voltaire famously wrote, "Sir, I hate what you write, but I would give my life so that you could continue writing."
In the recent Paris attacks, four Jews were killed in a shooting that targeted a Kosher supermarket. And since the violence, dozens of mosques have been desecrated.
Leading intellectuals have been quick to draw comparisons between Voltaire and Charlie Hebdo. The Societe Voltaire, a group that safeguards the philosopher's legacy called Voltaire the rallying symbol for those who do not accept violence in the name of religion.
The publishing house Gallimard, which puts out the pocket edition of Voltaire's tolerance manifesto, says it is already on its second reprint. Nearly half as many copies have been sold in the last three weeks than in the last 12 years.
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